Sus reflexiones son parte de una diversidad de estudios tratados en los denominados “Cuadernos de diálogo y discusiones”, acopiados en publicaciones de la Unidad de Estudios de Haití (UEH)
Por: Guillermo Pérez
El antropólogo social y filósofo de origen cubano, Fernando I. Ferrán, director del Centro de Estudios Económicos y Sociales Padre Luis Alemán, de la Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), ha planteado cinco alternativas, ponderadas “bajo el cristal del interés nacional”, como un aporte a la búsqueda del “remedio” y solución del caso haitiano.
Sus reflexiones son parte de una diversidad de estudios tratados en los denominados “Cuadernos de diálogo y discusiones”, acopiados en publicaciones de la Unidad de Estudios de Haití (UEH).
Al fundamentar su enfoque sobre este tema, especifica cinco opciones que, a su juicio, podrían ser “el remedio” a un problema ajeno al dominicano, si se considera que la mejor alternativa de solución sostenible para la cuestión del país vecino es “la que su propia gente construye” mientras, de otro lado, se le recauda apoyo.
En sus apuntes, subraya que las disyuntivas para optar por una salida a la situación de Haití son, básicamente, la contención, ayuda internacional, iniciativas individuales, involucramiento y pragmatismo.
1- Contención
Del tema sobre la contención, como primera opción, escribe que se trata de “amurallar inteligentemente todos los resquicios, y emplear funcionarios y guardianes para que los otros (los haitianos), no sigan violando la sempiterna fragilidad de una frontera burlada, tanto por inmigrantes furtivos, como por los cómplices de tal irregularidad”.
En esta alternativa, expone, “la cuestión está en cómo erradicar la susodicha corruptela que facilita la llegada de migrantes tildados de “needed, but unwanted”, queriendo decir, esto último, “necesitado, pero no deseado”.
2- Ayuda internacional
De la ayuda internacional, sugiere “pregonar un solo reclamo en medios de comunicación, redes sociales y, sobre todo, en cónclaves de notables: solo la comunidad internacional puede y tiene que ayudar a Haití, pues en República Dominicana y en países similares no hay solución para esa muchedumbre empobrecida y migrante”.
En esta opción, agrega, el mensaje es “unívoco”, no obstante “el mentado fracaso de la comunidad internacional, pues es improcedente e intolerable que quieran endilgarle al país el papel de Estado pivote o zona de amortiguamiento del éxodo haitiano”.
3- Iniciativas individuales
Cuando aborda el tema de las iniciativas individuales, en línea de solución al caso haitiano, Ferrán expone que cada individuo hace “algo”, según sus posibilidades, “al descruzarse de brazos convencido de que aún lo poco que pueda hacer será más que seguir gritando por un auxilio que no llega y conteniendo con evidente ineficiencia lo que desde hace siglos… no logra ser detenido”.
“En este caso”, advierte, “se requiere que cada particular esté consciente de y dispuesto a forjar algo inédito a la medida de su iniciativa individual”.
4- Involucramiento
Cuando alcanza el punto sobre involucramiento, sugiere “intervenir en Haití a las buenas”, preferiblemente no a las malas, “por razones humanitarias y/o por motivos de inseguridad nacional dominicana o del subsiguiente nivel de exposición a los que están expuestos el ordenamiento constitucional dominicano e incluso la convivencia pacífica en el territorio nacional por efecto de continuas convulsiones políticas, malestar social e indetenible empobrecimiento de gran parte del aglomerado social haitiano”.
En tal contexto, subraya luego, “el involucramiento optativo persigue inducir, y quién sabe si in extremis facilitar un orden civilizado más conveniente al interés de los perjudicados”.
5- Pragmatismo
Al tocar la opción de pragmatismo, Fernando Ferrán comenta que, respecto a las cuatro alternativas referidas antes, se debe “proceder de manera pragmática”, pero hay que “entresacar las mejores lecciones respecto a qué puede hacer y qué debe evitar cada particular y/o cada gobierno o agrupación de ellos a la hora de, por fin, afrontar positivamente el caso de Haití y el de la República Dominicana”.
“Sobresale en esta instancia que el interés y la responsabilidad de cada uno es principio y fundamento del bienestar o del malestar de todos”, concluye Ferrán.
Sus méritos
Es filósofo y antropólogo de origen cubano, bien conocedor de los bateyes y un caudal de conocimientos educativos. Tiene una extensa trayectoria en los campos intelectuales y académicos. Fue ganador del Premio Anual del Ensayo Pedro Henríquez Ureña, con una obra en la que desarrolla sus tesis sobre la cultura y el ser dominicano.
Nacido en La Habana, Cuba, ha hecho importantes aportes al país, tratando una diversidad de apuntes sobre asuntos de interés nacional.
Un país hundido.
Mientras la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA) señala a los culpables por la crisis en Haití, la situación continúa empujando a los ciudadanos de ese país a emigrar por canales no oficiales, sobre todo por peligrosas rutas marítimas, a que aumente la inseguridad alimentaria y a que miles de niños estén en riesgo de desnutrición aguda.
La OEA señaló el fracaso de la comunidad internacional durante 20 años de presencia en Haití y abogó por nuevo modelo de cooperación para el país más pobre del hemisferio.
Fuente: Listin Diario
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