Marruecos da por cerrada la crisis después de que el Gobierno español calificara la propuesta de autonomía marroquí como la «más seria» para resolver el conflicto. La delegación del Polisario en España, por su parte, acusó a Madrid de haber «cedido al chantaje ya la política del miedo de Marruecos». El gesto del gobierno español respecto al Sáhara tiene como principal objetivo obtener de Marruecos una gestión de los flujos migratorios.
Un cambio de postura que soluciona una crisis. España dio un cambio radical al abandonar su posición de neutralidad y apoyar a Marruecos en relación con el disputado territorio del Sáhara Occidental, poniendo fin a una crisis diplomática entre ambos países sostenida durante diez meses.
Este cambio de postura se refleja en una carta dirigida por el presidente del Gobierno, Pedro Sánchez, al rey Mohamed VI, que ha sido hecha pública por el Gabinete Real de Marruecos. Madrid se pone ahora del lado de Rabat al considerar su propuesta de autonomía como «la base más seria, realista y creíble para la resolución de este diferendo» entre Rabat y los separatistas saharauis del Frente Polisario, ha declarado el ministro español de Asuntos Exteriores, José Manuel Albares ante la prensa en Barcelona. Sánchez también viajará a Marruecos en los próximos días.
Esta carta supone un cambio en la posición tradicional del Gobierno español, que hasta ahora había apostado por “una solución política, justa, duradera y mutuamente aceptable, en el marco de Naciones Unidas”, sin optar por la autonomía marroquí o la independencia saharaui.
La delegación del Polisario en España, por su parte, acusó a Madrid de haber «cedido al chantaje ya la política del miedo de Marruecos».
Sáhara Occidental
El conflicto del Sáhara Occidental, antigua colonia española considerada “territorio no autónomo” por la ONU, enfrenta desde hace décadas a Marruecos con el Frente Polisario, apoyado por Argelia.
Rabat, que controla cerca del 80% de este territorio, propone un plan de autonomía bajo su soberanía. Los independentistas exigen un referéndum de autodeterminación organizado por la ONU, previsto en el alto el fuego de 1991, que nunca se materializó.
El Sáhara Occidental es un tema clave para Marruecos en cualquier negociación.
Crisis migratoria en Ceuta
La crisis diplomática entre Marruecos y España comenzó en abril de 2021, cuando Madrid permitió la llegada a la península del líder del Frente Polisario, Brahim Ghali, enemigo acérrimo de Rabat, para ser hospitalizado por covid-19.
En mayo, miles de inmigrantes entraron a la fuerza en Ceuta, un enclave español en el norte de Marruecos. Rabat juega así a acentuar la crisis a través de este elemento migratorio
Antes de los anuncios de este viernes, las tensiones habían disminuido, sin desaparecer. El embajador de Marruecos en Madrid, llamado a consultas en mayo, aún no ha regresado a España.
Para varios analistas, el gesto del Gobierno español respecto al Sáhara tiene como principal objetivo obtener de Marruecos una gestión de los flujos migratorios.
A cambio de la reanudación de sus relaciones diplomáticas con Israel, Marruecos obtuvo el reconocimiento de la » marroquínidad» de la antigua colonia española por parte de Estados Unidos, entonces liderado por Donald Trump.
El giro de Pedro Sánchez podría crear fuertes tensiones en el seno del Ejecutivo, integrado por los socialistas y el partido de izquierda radical Podemos, a favor de la autodeterminación de los saharauis.
Fuente: RFI
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