Tras el reconocimiento por parte de Moscú de la independencia de las provincias ucranianas prorrusas, el canciller alemán Olaf Scholz, ha anunciado la suspensión de la autorización del controvertido gasoducto que une Rusia con Alemania. Esta es una de las primeras sanciones después del discurso de Vladimir Putin el lunes por la noche.
El proyecto se terminó en otoño (norte), pero aún no ha comenzado, por lo que se ha congelado. Olaf Scholz anunció el martes 22 de febrero que suspendía la autorización de Nord Stream 2, el gasoducto que conecta Alemania con Rusia a través de un tubo de más de mil kilómetros bajo el Mar Báltico, pasando sobre Ucrania, y que debería aumentar la capacidad de suministro de gas ruso a Europa.
«Le he pedido al Ministerio de Economía que retire su informe sobre la seguridad del suministro de energía de la autoridad reguladora para que no se pueda certificar el gasoducto. Sin esto, no se puede lanzar Nord Stream 2», dijo la canciller alemana, y agregó que el caso sería «reexaminado» por el gobierno alemán. Hasta ahora estaba pendiente de certificación por parte del regulador energético alemán por problemas legales, en concreto por el incumplimiento de determinadas disposiciones de la legislación alemana y europea.
Una posición criticada
Alemania ha sido criticada durante mucho tiempo por su apoyo al gasoducto Nord Stream 2. Angela Merkel siempre lo ha definido como un proyecto privado sin trasfondo político. Olaf Scholz retomó esta tesis al principio de su mandato antes de corregirse. Sin embargo, ha habido muchas críticas a Berlín en la crisis actual. Las autoridades alemanas fueron criticadas por no dejar claro que una intervención rusa contra Ucrania tendría consecuencias para el oleoducto. Recientemente, la mayoría de los alemanes estaban a favor de continuar con el proyecto. Y los líderes del SPD, el partido de la canciller, defienden una política más conciliadora hacia Moscú.
Olaf Scholz, que recibía a su homólogo irlandés, calificó la decisión de Vladimir Putin de reconocer la independencia de las regiones separatistas prorrusas del este de Ucrania como una violación del derecho internacional, los principios de Naciones Unidas y otros acuerdos firmados por Moscú. Sobre el respeto de las fronteras y la integridad territorial de los Estados.
El canciller aleman dijo que el martes se presentará el paquete de sanciones «masivas y sólidas» de la UE contra Moscú. Sin embargo, el sucesor de Merkel pidió esfuerzos diplomáticos entre Occidente y Rusia «para evitar una catástrofe».
Nord Stream 2 mide 1230 kilómetros bajo el Mar Báltico y tiene una capacidad de 55 mil millones de metros cúbicos de gas por año. Sigue la misma ruta que el Nord Stream 1, que funciona desde 2012.
El gasoducto pasa por alto el territorio ucraniano y aumentará las entregas de gas ruso a Europa en un momento en que la producción propia está disminuyendo.
El canciller alemán advirtió que habrá «otras sanciones» en caso de que empeore la situación en la frontera ucraniana y confió en que la Unión Europea apruebe medidas punitivas «masivas y fuertes» contra Rusia.
RFI
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